Diseases

Renal cancer

Renal cancer is cancer that originates in the kidneys. The two most common types of kidney cancer are renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and transitional cell carcinoma (TCC, also known as urothelial cell carcinoma) of the renal pelvis. These names reflect the type of cell from which the cancer developed. The different types of kidney cancer (such as RCC and UCC) develop in different ways, meaning that the diseases have different long term outcomes, and need to be staged and treated in different ways. RCC is responsible for approximately 80% of primary renal cancers, and UCC accounts the majority of the remainder.

In adults, the most common type of kidney cancer is renal cell carcinoma. Other less common types of kidney cancer can occur. Young children are more likely to develop a kind of kidney cancer called Wilms' tumor.

Renal cell carcinoma

Renal cell carcinoma (also known as, RCC, hypernephroma, renal cancer) is the most common from of kidney cancer arising frm the prximal renal tubule. It is the most common type of kidney cancer in adults. Initial treatment is most commonly a radical or partial nephrectmy. Where the tumur is confined to the renal parenchyma, the 5-year survival rate is 60-70%, but this is lowered considerably where metastases have spread. It is resistant tradiatin therapy and chemtherapy, although some cases respond timmuntherapy. Targeted cancer therapies such as sunitinib, temsirlimus, bevacizumab, interfern-alpha, and possibly srafenib have improved the utlk for RCC (progressin-free survival), although they have not yet demonstrated improved survival.

Renal cysts and diabetes syndrome

The 'renal cysts and diabetes syndrome' is an autsmal dminant disrder cmprising (1) nndiabetic renal disease resulting frm abnrmal renal develpment, and (2) diabetes, which in sme cases ccurs earlier than age 25 years and is thus cnsistent with a diagnsis f maturity-nset diabetes f the yung (MDY). The renal disease is highly variable and includes renal cysts, glmerular tufts, aberrant nephrgenesis, primitive tubules, irregular cllecting systems, ligmeganephrnia, enlarged renal pelves, abnrmal calyces, small kidney, single kidney, hrseshe kidney, and hyperuricemic nephrpathy. Affected individuals may alshave abnrmalities f the genital tract,

Renal dysplasia – limb defects syndrome

Renal dysplasia-limb defects syndrome (RL syndrome), alsknwn as Ulbright Hdes syndrome is a very rare[1] syndrome. The syndrome has been described in three infants, all f whm died shrtly after birth.[2] It is a cngenital syndrome[3] and is believed tfllw a autsmal recessive pattern f inheritance.

Renal dysplasia diffuse autsmal recessive

Renal dysplasia diffuse autsmal recessive is the mst cmmn heritable cystic renal disease ccurring in infancy and childhd. It is distinct frm autsmal dminant plycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), which tends tccur in an lder ppulatin. The clinical spectrum shws a wide variability, ranging frm perinatal death ta milder prgressive frm, which may nt be diagnsed until adlescence.

Renal dysplasia diffuse cystic

Diffuse cystic renal dysplasia (medical cnditin): Abnrmal kidney develpment characterized by the presence f numerus cysts thrughut the kidneys. In the reprted cases, death ccurs sn after birth.

Renal dysplasia limb defects

Renal dysplasia - limb defects syndrme: A very rare syndrme characterized mainly by abnrmal kidney develpment and varius arm bne defects. Mre detailed infrmatin abut the symptms, causes, and treatments f Renal dysplasia - limb defects syndrme is available belw.

Renal dysplasia megalcystis sirenmelia

A Renal Dysplasia Megalcystis Sirenmelia annymus supprt grup with infrmatin n diagnsis, treatment, symptms, alng with persnal stries and experiences with Renal Dysplasia Megalcystis Sirenmelia

Renal genital middle ear anmalies

A very rare syndrme characterized mainly by kidney, genital and middle ear abnrmalities. Mre detailed infrmatin abut the symptms, causes, and treatments f Renal-genital-middle ear anmalies is available belw.

Renal glycsuria

Renal glycsuria (medical cnditin): A rare metablic disrder where tmuch glucse passes intthe urinary system even thugh the bld glucse level is nrmal r lw. The cnditin may be due texcessive glucse in the urine r inability f the intestines tabsrb the glucse

Renal hypuricemia

A rare inherited disrder characterized by lw bld uric acid level due tkidney dysfunctin. The kidney tubules fail tabsrb urate nrmally.

Renal pelvis and ureter- transitinal cell cancer

Renal pelvis and ureter, transitinal cell cancer: Cancer that develps in certain cells that make up the ureter and renal pelvis. The ureter is a tube that cnnects the kidney tthe bladder and the renal pelvis is a part f the kidney. Transitinal cells line the inside f the renal pelvis and the ureter.

Renal rickets

Renal rickets: a frm f rickets ccurring in children in assciatin with and apparently caused by renal disease with hyperphsphatemia. SYN: pseudrickets, renal fibrcystic stesis, renal infantilism, renal steitis fibrsa.

Renal stedystrphy

Renal stedystrphy is a bne pathlgy, characterized by defective mineralizatin, that results frm kidney disease

Renal tubular acidsis

Renal tubular acidsis (RTA) is a medical cnditin that invlves an accumulatin f acid in the bdy due ta failure f the kidneys tapprpriately acidify the urine.[1] When bld is filtered by the kidney, the filtrate passes thrugh the tubules f the nephrn, allwing fr exchange f salts, acid equivalents, and ther slutes befre it drains intthe bladder as urine. The metablic acidsis that results frm RTA may be caused either by failure trecver sufficient (alkaline) bicarbnate ins frm the filtrate in the early prtin f the nephrn (prximal tubule) r by insufficient secretin f (acid) hydrgen ins intthe latter prtins f the nephrn (distal tubule). Althugh a metablic acidsis alsccurs in thse with renal insufficiency, the term RTA is reserved fr individuals with pr urinary acidificatin in therwise well-functining kidneys. Several different types f RTA exist, which all have different syndrmes and different causes.

Renal tubular acidsis prgressive nerve deafness

Renal tubular acidsis prgressive nerve deafness: A kidney disrder where prgressive nerve deafness is assciated with the kidney's is inability teffectively remve acid frm the bld and excrete it intthe urine. The defect ccurs in the distant prtin f the kidney tubules whse jb is tremve acid frm the bld and excrete it thrugh the urine

Renal tubular acidsis- distal

Distal renal tubular acidsis is a disease that ccurs when the kidneys dn't remve acid prperly intthe urine, leaving the bld tacidic (called acidsis).

Renal tubular acidsis- distal- autsmal recessive

Renal tubular acidsis, distal, autsmal recessive: A rare kidney disrder characterized mainly by increased urine alkalinity and high bld acidity due tabnrmal kidney functining. Hearing lss may ccur later in life

Renal tubular acidsis- distal- type 3

Renal tubular acidsis, distal - type III: A kidney disrder where the kidney is unable teffective remve acid frm the bld and excrete it intthe urine. The defect ccurs in the distant prtin f the kidney tubules whse jb is tremve acid frm the bld and excrete it thrugh the urine. Type III invlves the ptassium level abnrmalities f type I as well as bicarbnate level abnrmalities resulting frm excessive bicarbnate remval frm the bld at the prximal part f the kidney tubules.

Renal tubular acidsis- distal- type 4

Renal tubular acidsis, distal, type 4: A rare disrder where the kidney tubules fail tremve acids frm the bld and intthe urine which results in high bld acidity. The disrder is caused by lw levels f the aldsterne hrmne r the kidneys inability trespnd tthe hrmne.

Renal tubular transprt disrders inbrn

Renal tubular transprt disrders, inbrn: Genetic defects in the transprters and channels alng the kidney tubules that help tregulate bdy fluids as well as defects in the receptrs and enzymes invlved in the prcess. Examples f such disrders include nephrgenic diabetes insipidus and hereditary renal hypuricemia. Symptms are determined by the exact nature f the disrder.

Renangenital syndrome

Renangenital syndrome: A rare genetic disrder characterized by kidney, anal and genital abnrmalities

Renier Gabreels Jasper syndrome

A very rare inherited syndrome characterized by a small head, severe mental retardatin, spasticity, deafness and epilepsy

Renpenning syndrome 1

Renpenning syndrome 1: A very rare genetic disrder that affects males and is characterized mainly by mental retardatin and facial anmalies.

Renprival hypertensin

Renprival hypertensin: High bld pressure that results frm a lack f kidney functin

ReNU Syndrome

ReNU syndrome is a rare genetic neurodevelopmental disorder caused by variants in the RNU4-2 gene, characterized by developmental delay, intellectual disability, and microcephaly. First identified in 2024, it affects brain function, growth, and physical coordination.