Diseases

Genito palato cardiac syndrome

A rare birth disorder where an enzyme deficiency (7-dehydrocholesterol reductase) prevents cholesterol being metabolized properly. The condition causes a variety of physical abnormalities. Type II is a more severe form of the condition.

Genoa syndrome

A rare disorder characterized mainly by premature fusion of skull bones and partial separation of the two brain halves.

Genu varum

Genu varum (also called bow-leggedness or bandiness), is a deformity marked by medial angulation of the leg in relation to the thigh, an outward bowing of the legs, giving the appearance of a bow. It is also known as bandy-leg, bowleg, bow-leg, and tibia vara. Usually there is an outward curvature of both femur and tibia. "Genu varum" is distinguished from Blount's disease because it involves both the femur and the tibia, while "Blount's disease" affects only the tibia with no femur involvement.

Geographic tongue

Geographic tongue, also known as benign migratory glossitis, erythema migrans, or continental tongue, is a condition affecting the tongue. The colloquial names are due to the condition resembling a map.

German syndrome

A rare disorder caused by fetal exposure to trimethadione (anticonvulsant drug) and resulting in various physical and developemental abnormalities.

Gerodermia osteodysplastica

Gerodermia osteodysplastica (GO), also called geroderma osteodysplasticum and Walt Disney dwarfism, is a rare autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder included in the spectrum of cutis laxa syndromes.

Gershinibaruch Leibo syndrome

A very rare syndrome characterized by a skin defect (localized absence of skin at birth) and nearsightedness and other eye anomalies

Gertsmann syndrome

Gerstmann's syndrome is a cognitive impairment that results from damage to a specific area of the brain -- the left parietal lobe in the region of the angular gyrus. It may occur after a stroke or in association with damage to the parietal lobe. It is characterized by four primary symptoms: a writing disability (agraphia or dysgraphia), a lack of understanding of the rules for calculation or arithmetic (acalculia or dyscalculia), an inability to distinguish right from left, and an inability to identify fingers (finger agnosia). The disorder should not be confused with Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker disease, a type of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy.

Gestational pemphigoid

Gestational Pemphigoid or Pemphigoid Gestationis (PG) is a rare autoimmune blistering skin disease that occurs during pregnancy, typically in the second or third trimester, and/or immediately following pregnancy. It was originally called herpes gestationis because of the blistering appearance, although it is not associated with the herpes virus.

Gestational trophoblastic disease

Gestational trophoblastic tumor, a rare cancer in women, is a disease in which cancer (malignant) cells grow in the tissues that are formed following conception (the joining of sperm and egg). Gestational trophoblastic tumors start inside the uterus, the hollow, muscular, pear-shaped organ where a baby grows. This type of cancer occurs in women during the years when they are able to have children. There are two types of gestational trophoblastic tumors: hydatidiform mole and choriocarcinoma.

Ghosal hematodiaphyseal dysplasia syndrome

Ghosal hematodiaphyseal dysplasia syndrome (GHDD) is a rare disorder characterized by increased bone density (predominantly diaphyseal) and aregenerative corticosteroid-sensitive anemia. The exact prevalence is unknown. GHDD has been reported in unrelated families of Indian and Middle East origin, and is associated with mutations in the TBXAS1 gene (which encodes thromboxane synthase). GHDD is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait.

Ghosal syndrome

A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by difficult to treat anemia and skeletal abnormalities.

Gianotti-Crosti syndrome

Gianotti-Crosti syndrome is a self-limited childhood exanthem that manifests in a characteristic acral distribution. It is rarely associated with systemic findings. The original cases, described in Italy by Gianotti in 1955, were associated with hepatitis B virus infection, although other viral infections currently account for most cases.

Giant axonal neuropathy

Giant axonal neuropathy is a rare, autosomal recessive neurological disorder that causes disorganization of neurofilaments. Neurofilaments form a structural framework that helps to define the shape and size of neurons and are essential for normal nerve function.

Giant cell myocarditis

Giant cell myocarditis is a very rare disease that is difficult to diagnose. The symptoms vary from simple fatigue to sudden death. Once a diagnosis is made it is easy to look back and connect these symptoms with giant cell myocarditis. But these same symptoms could have been due to a variety of non-life threatening conditions. Even if someone were taken to a hospital with minor unexplained symptoms a proper diagnosis would most likely not be made.

Giant congenital nevi

Congenital nevi appear on approximately 1 percent of newborns. A congenital nevus (plural: nevi) is a mole that is present at or develops shortly after birth. A distinction is made between small and giant nevi.

Giant mammary hamartoma

A rare benign type of tumor-like breast growth. The breast lumps usually cause no pain and are made up of fat, fibrous tissue and glandular tissue.

Giant papillary conjunctivitis

Giant papillary conjunctivitis (GPC) is eye irritation that can develop when you wear contact lenses, have severe allergic eye problems, or have a foreign body in your eye, such as a stitch from a previous eye surgery.

Giant Platelet Syndrome

The Bernard-Soulier Syndrome (BSS)  or giant platelet syndrome is a rare inherited bleeding disorder caused by abnormal platelets and subsequent abnormal clotting. It is one of the giant platelet syndromes. This syndrome was originally described in 1948 by two physicians who were treating a patient with a bleeding problem. They discovered that this patient had a prolonged bleeding time, fewer platelets, and larger platelets than the normal individual. Since then, the platelet abnormality has been described and determined to be due to the platelets lacking the ability to stick adequately to injured blood-vessel walls. This is a crucial aspect of the process of forming a blood clot, and as a result of this problem, there is abnormal bleeding.

Giardiasis

Giardiasis (also called giardia infection, traveler's diarrhea, beaver fever or lambliasis) is an infection of the small bowel by a single-celled organism called Giardia lamblia. People become infected with the Giardia parasite after swallowing Giardia cyst often found in water contaminated by raw sewage or animal waste.

  • Giardiasis can be found among 2-5% of people in industrialized nations such as the United States. In developing countries, 20-30% of the population may have giardiasis.
  • Travelers to foreign countries may develop diarrhea often caused by Giardia.

source: eMedicine

Giedion syndrome

Langer-Giedion syndrome is a very rare genetic disorder caused by a deletion of chromosomal material. It is named after the two doctors who undertook the main research into the condition in the 1960s. Diagnosis is usually made at birth or in early childhood.

Gigantism

Gigantism is abnormally large growth due to an excess of growth hormone during childhood, before the bone growth plates have closed.