Diseases

Fuqua Berkovitz syndrome

Fuqua-Berkovitz syndrome: A rare syndrome characterized by ambiguous genitalia involving normal testes and Mullerian structures.

Furlong syndrome

Furlong syndrome (medical condition): A very rare syndrome characterized by the association of premature fusion of skull bones with Marfanoid features. The disorder arises from abnormal connective tissue.

Furukawa Takagi Nakao syndrome

Furukawa Takagi Nakao syndrome (medical condition): A very rare syndrome characterized by muscle weakness and wasting, ataxia, diabetes and eye problems.

Furunculous myiasis

Furunculois myiasis (medical condition): A rare condition where a larve invades tissues and organs and causes a furunculous (pus-filled) wound. It can be caused by the Cayor worm which is the larvae of the African tumbu fly (Cordylobia anthropophaga) or by the human botfly (Dermatobia hominis).

Fused mandibular incisors

Fused mandibular incisors: A rare tooth defect where the primary incisors (front teeth) of the lower jaw are fused.

Galactocele

A milk filled cyst caused by a blocked mammary duct.

Galactokinase deficiency

Galactokinase deficiency, also known as Galactosemia type 2 or GALK deficiency, is marked by an accumulation of galactose and galactitol secondary to the decreased conversion of galactose to galactose-1-phosphate by galactokinase

Galactorrhoea-Hyperprolactinaemia

Increased blood prolactin levels associated with galactorrhea (abnormal milk secretion). It may be caused by such things as certain medications, pituitary disorders and thyroid disorders. The condition can occur in males as well as females.

Galactosamine-6-sulfatase deficiency

Galactosamine (N-acetyl)-6-sulfate sulfatase (Morquio syndrome, mucopolysaccharidosis type IVA), also known as GALNS, is a human gene. This gene encodes N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase which is a lysosomal exohydrolase required for the degradation of the glycosaminoglycans, keratan sulfate, and chondroitin 6-sulfate. Sequence alterations including point, missense and nonsense mutations, as well as those that affect splicing, result in a deficiency of this enzyme. Deficiencies of this enzyme lead to Morquio A syndrome, a lysosomal storage disorde

Galactose epimerase deficiency

Galactose epimerase deficiency, also known as GALE deficiency, Galactosemia III and UDP-galactose-4-epimerase deficiency,[1] is a rare form of galactosemia associated with a deficiency of the enzyme galactose epimerase.

Galactosemia

Galactosemia is an inherited disease in which the transformation of galactose to glucose is blocked, allowing galactose to increase to toxic levels in the body. If galactosemia is untreated, high levels of galactose cause vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, low blood sugar, brain damage, jaundice, liver enlargement, cataracts, susceptibility to infection, and death.

Gall bladder cancer

Gallbladder cancer is cancer that begins in the gallbladder. Your gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped organ on the right side of your abdomen, just beneath your liver. The gallbladder stores bile, a digestive fluid produced by your liver.

Gallbladder cancer is uncommon. When gallbladder cancer is discovered at its earliest stages, the chance for a cure is very good. But most gallbladder cancers are discovered at a late stage, when the prognosis is often very poor.

Gallbladder cancer is difficult to diagnose because it often causes no specific signs or symptoms. Also, the relatively hidden nature of the gallbladder makes it easier for gallbladder cancer to grow without being detected.

Gallbladder cancer

Gallbladder cancer is an abnormal growth of cells that begins in the gallbladder.

Your gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped organ on the right side of your abdomen, just beneath your liver. The gallbladder stores bile, a digestive fluid produced by your liver.

Gallbladder cancer is uncommon. When gallbladder cancer is discovered at its earliest stages, the chance for a cure is very good. But most gallbladder cancers are discovered at a late stage, when the prognosis is often very poor.

Gallbladder cancer may not be discovered until it’s advanced because it often causes no specific signs or symptoms. Also, the relatively hidden nature of the gallbladder makes it easier for gallbladder cancer to grow without being detected.

Gamma-cystathionase deficiency

A rare metabolic defect where a buildup of cystathionine in the body is due to an enzyme deficiency (cystathionine gamma-lyase) which normally converts methionine into cysteine. The condition is usually asymptomatic

Gamstorp episodic adynamy

A rare inherited genetic condition characterized by temporary periods of severe muscle weakness. The condition tends to be more severe in males and can be triggered by stress, fasting, rest after exercise and eating foods high in potassium.

Ganglioglioma

Ganglioglioma or gangliocytoma refers a tumour that arises from ganglion cells in the central nervous system. While they are most well known as occurring in the temporal lobe of the brain, they can occur anywhere in the brain, or in the spinal cord. Gangliogliomas in the brain are often associated with seizures.

Gangliosidosis generalized GM1- type 1

A rare biochemical disorder involving a deficiency of an enzyme (beta-galactosidase A) which results in the accumulation of harmful chemicals (GM1 gangliosides) in the central nervous system and other body tissues. Type 1 is a severe infantile form of the disorder and involves a greater degree of accumulation than type II or III. Mutations in the GLB1 gene cause GM1 gangliosidosis. The GLB1 gene provides instructions for making an enzyme called beta-galactosidase (β-galactosidase), which plays a critical role in the brain. This enzyme is located in lysosomes, which are compartments within cells that break down and recycle different types of molecules. This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. 

Individuals with GM1 gangliosidosis type I usually do not survive past early childhood.

Gangliosidosis GM1 type 3

A rare biochemical disorder involving a deficiency of an enzyme (beta-galactosidase A) which results in the accumulation of harmful chemicals (GM1 gangliosides) in the central nervous system and other body tissues. Type III involves a lesser degree of accumulation than type II or I.

Gangliosidosis- generalized GM1 type 2

GM1-gangliosidosis type II is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease characterized by slowly progressive generalized neurodegeneration and mild skeletal changes, with onset between 7 months and 3 years of age. Unlike the severe infantile type I, type II is usually not associated with macular cherry-red spots or organomegaly. Within type II, those with somewhat earlier onset and earlier death are considered to have the 'late-infantile' form, whereas those with slightly later onset and survival into late childhood are referred to as having the 'juvenile' form

GAPO syndrome

GAPO syndrome is a rare genetic disorder. GAPO is an acronym for growth retardation, alopecia, pseudoanodontia (failure of tooth eruption), and progressive optic atrophy.

Gardner syndrome

Gardner's syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by the presence of multiple polyps in the colon together with tumors outside the colon. The extracolonic tumors may include osteomas of the skull, thyroid cancer, epidermoid cysts, fibromas and sebaceous cysts. The countless polyps in the colon predispose to the development of colon cancer.

Gardner-Diamond Syndrome

Gardner-Diamond Syndrome is a rare inherited disorder characterized by bruises which form readily, tend to spread and are painful, often associated with physical or psychosocial stress. It most commonly affects women and has been described in children and adolescents.

This illness represents a type of chronic unexplained medical symptom where patients present with real, sometimes bewildering, medical signs and symptoms.

Garret Tripp syndrome

A rare syndrome characterized mainly by extra digits, a lack of hair and scaly skin on the scalp, face and neck.

Gas bloat syndrome

Excessive production of gas in the gastrointestinal system which causes bloating. Causes can include gastrointestinal infection, excessive gulping of air, altered diet and malabsorption disorders. More detailed information about the symptoms, causes, and treatments of Gas/bloat syndrome is available below. Top

Gastric lymphoma

Primary gastric lymphoma (lymphoma that originates in the stomach itself) is an uncommon condition, accounting for less than 15% of gastric malignancies and about 2% of all lymphomas. However, the stomach is a very common extranodal site for lymphomas (lymphomas originating somewhere else with metastasis to stomach). It is also the most common source of lymphomas in the gastrointestinal tract

Gastrinomas

Gastrinomas are a type of pancreatic endocrine tumor that arises from islet cells but can also arise from the gastrin-producing cells in duodenum and other sites in the body. Gastrinomas occur in the pancreas or duodenal wall 80 to 90% of the time. The remainder occur in the splenic hilum, mesentery, stomach, lymph node, or ovary. About 50% of patients have multiple tumors.

Gastrinomas usually are small (< 1 cm in diameter) and grow slowly. About 50% are malignant.

About 40 to 60% of patients with gastrinoma have multiple endocrine neoplasia, a syndrome that is associated with neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas (eg, gastrinoma), pituitary adenomas, and parathyroid hyperplasia.

 

Gastro-enteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumor

A rare form of gastrointestinal tumor. It includes two main groups of cancer called carcinoid and endocrine pancreatic tumors. Some of the tumors consist of hormone secreting cells which results in excessive secretion of certain hormones