Diseases

Fetal hydantoin syndrome

A rare disorder caused by fetal exposure to phenytoin (anticonvulsant drug) and resulting in various abnormalities.

Fetal indomethacin syndrome

Fetal exposure to indomethacin which is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. The drug can pass through the placenta from the mother to the baby and cause various problems depending on what stage of development the fetus is at.

Fetal iodine syndrome

Excessive fetal exposure to iodine which can destroy part or all of the thyroid gland.

Fetal left ventricular aneurysm

A rare disorder where the fetus has a dilated ventricle on the left side of the heart. Severity of the defect is variable with some cases being asymptomatic and in other heart failure occurs during the fetal stage.

Fetal macrosomia

The most common threshold that has been proposed for macrosomia is estimated fetal weight above 4,000 g, as the risks of complications for infants and mothers are greater past this point. These risks further increase when estimated fetal weight is beyond 4,500 g, which ACOG currently uses to define macrosomia.1 Instead of using this specific cut-off, however, Boulet and colleagues proposed a grading system: grade 1 for fetal weight 4,000 to 4,499 g, grade 2 for fetal weight 4,500 to 4,999 g, and grade 3 for fetal weight over 5,000 g.2 Of course, it's important to distinguish fetal macrosomia from "large for gestational age," which implies estimated fetal weight (EFW) greater than or equal to the 90th percentile for a given gestational age. The reported 90th percentile for birthweight at 37, 38, 39, 40, and 42 completed weeks of gestation are 3,755, 3,867, 3,980, 4,060, and 4,098 g, respectively.1

Fetal minoxidil syndrome

Fetal exposure to minoxidil which can pass from the mother to the fetus through the placenta. Minoxidil is a blood vessel dilator mainly used to treat high blood pressure but has other uses as well. Increased body hair is the main consistent effect of exposure to the drug. The amount of hair usually returns to normal within the first year.

Fetal parainfluenza virus type 3 syndrome

Maternal infection with parainfluenza virus type 3 can cause a serious infection in the fetus and result in hydrocephalus. The risk is greatest during the first half of the pregnancy.

Fetal phenothiazine syndrome

Fetal phenothiazine syndrome (medical condition): Maternal use of a drug called phenothiazine has not been proven to cause problems in offspring. Animal studies show there is a risk but no definitive studies have been done on humans. Phenothiazine is used to treat mental and emotional disorders such as schizophrenia. The biggest risks are likely to occur during the first trimester (malformations) and towards the end of the pregnancy (poor muscle tone, poor reflexes and jaundice).

Fetal warfarin syndrome

A rare disorder caused by fetal exposure to warfarin (anticoagulant) and resulting in physical, neurological and mental abnormalities.

FG syndrome

A rare genetic disorder characterized by anal abnormalities, reduced muscle tone and a prominent forehead.

FG syndrome 2

A rare inherited disorder characterized by anal abnormalities, reduced muscle tone and abnormal brain development. In type 2, the genetic defect is located on chromosome Xq28.

FG syndrome 3

A rare inherited disorder characterized by anal abnormalities, reduced muscle tone and abnormal brain development. In type 3, the genetic defect is located on chromosome Xp22.3.

FG syndrome 4

A rare inherited disorder characterized by anal abnormalities, reduced muscle tone and abnormal brain development. In type 4, the genetic defect is located on chromosome Xp11.4-p11.3.

Fibrocartilaginous embolism

A rare disorder where some of the material from a vertebral disc enters the blood supply to the spinal cord where it causes an obstruction. Symptoms are determined by where the obstruction occurs. The obstruction causes damage to part of the spinal cord resulting in neurological symptoms which can result in death depending on the size and location of the obstruction.

Fibrochondrogenesis

A rare genetic disorder characterized by short stature, abnormal bone formation and stillbirth or neonatal death.

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a disorder in which muscle tissue and connective tissue such as tendons and ligaments are gradually replaced by bone (ossified), forming bone outside the skeleton (extra-skeletal or heterotopic bone) that constrains movement. This process generally becomes noticeable in early childhood, starting with the neck and shoulders and proceeding down the body and into the limbs.

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva is an ultra rare disorder and is believed to occur in approximately 1 in 2 million people worldwide, with only several hundred cases having been reported. 

Fibrolamellar Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FHCC) is a rare form of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that typically affects young adults and is characterized, under the microscope, by laminated fibrous layers interspersed between the tumour cells. Approximately 200 new cases are diagnosed worldwide each year.

Fibromatosis

Fibromatosis (medical condition): A benign soft tissue tumor. The tumors can vary greatly in size and can cause pain. Fibromatosis: (1) A condition characterized by multiple fibromas, with relatively widespread distribution. (2) Abnormal hyperplasia of fibrous tissue.

Fibromatosis gingival hypertrichosis

Gingival fibromatosis presents as a generalized but often irregular enlargement of the facial and lingual aspects of the attached and marginal gingiva (Figure 4a). A portion of one quadrant may be involved, or all four quadrants of the gingival tissues may be involved. Enlargement is painless, slowly progressive and dependent to a great extent on the oral hygiene of the individual. While the hyperplastic tissues are usually firm to palpation, inflammation and edema may make some surface areas (facing the teeth) spongy, erythematous and easily bleeding. It is not unusual for the fibromatosis to completely cover the teeth.

Fibromatosis multiple non ossifying

Fibromatosis multiple non ossifying: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by bone abnormalities which causes the bones to fracture easily.

Fibromatosis- gingival- 3

Fibromatosis, gingival 3: A rare genetic disorder characterized by enlarged gum tissue. The severity of the condition is variable. The chromosome involved is 2p23.3-p22.3.

Fibromuscular dysplasia of arteries

Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is the abnormal development or growth of cells in the walls of arteries that can cause the vessels to narrow or bulge. The carotid arteries, which pass through the neck and supply blood to the brain, are commonly affected. Arteries within the brain and kidneys can also be affected. A characteristic “string of beads” pattern caused by the alternating narrowing and enlarging of the artery can block or reduce blood flow to the brain, causing a stroke or mini-stroke. Some patients experience no symptoms of the disease while others may have high blood pressure, dizziness or vertigo, chronic headache, intracranial aneurysm, ringing in the ears, weakness or numbness in the face, neck pain, or changes in vision. FMD is most often seen in persons age 25 to 50 years and affects women more often than men. More than one family member may be affected by the disease. The cause of FMD is unknown. An angiogram can detect the degree of narrowing or obstruction of the artery and identify changes such as a tear (dissection) or weak area (aneurysm) in the vessel wall. FMD can also be diagnosed using computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, or ultrasound.

Fibromyalgia

Fibromyalgia is a common syndrome in which people experience long-term, body-wide pain and tender points in joints, muscles, tendons, and other soft tissues.

Fibromyalgia has also been linked to fatigue, sleep problems, headaches, depression, anxiety, and other symptoms.

 

Source: Pubmedhealth

Fibrosarcoma

Fibrosarcoma (fibroblastic sarcoma) is a malignant tumor derived from fibrous connective tissue and characterized by immature proliferating fibroblasts or undifferentiated anaplastic spindle cells