Neonatal progeroid syndrome

Synonyms

Wiedemann-Rautenstrauch syndrome

Overview

Neonatal progeroid syndrome syndrome (Wiedeman-Rautenstrauch syndrome) is an extremely rare genetic disorder characterized by an aged appearance at birth (neonatal progeroid appearance); growth delays before and after birth (prenatal and postnatal growth retardation); and deficiency or absence of the layer of fat under the skin (subcutaneous lipoatrophy), causing the skin to appear abnormally thin, fragile, and wrinkled. In addition, for reasons that are not understood, abnormal deposits of fat may accumulate around the buttocks, the areas around the genitals and the anus (anogenital area), and the area between the ribs and the hips (flanks).

Symptoms

Affected infants and children also have distinctive malformations of the head and facial (craniofacial) area including an unusually prominent forehead (frontal bossing) and sides of the skull (parietal bossing), causing the head to appear abnormally large (pseudohydrocephalus); unusually small, underdeveloped (hypoplastic) bones of the face and abnormally small facial features; a small "beak-shaped" nose that becomes more pronounced with advancing age; and/or sparse scalp hair, eyebrows, and/or eyelashes. Most infants and children with Wiedemann-Rautenstrauch syndrome also have unusually thin arms and legs; abnormally large hands and feet; progressive neurological and neuromuscular abnormalities; varying degrees of mental retardation; and severe delays in the acquisition of skills requiring the coordination of mental and muscular activities (psychomotor retardation)