Diseases

Goodman camptodactyly

Goodman camptodactyly: A rare genetic disorder characterized by head, hand and genital anomalies. It is a mild form of Carpenter syndrome without mental retardation and less pronounced deformities.

Goodpasture syndrome

Goodpasture syndrome (GPS, Goodpasture's disease, antiglomerular basement antibody disease, anti-GBM disease) is a rare autoimmune disease in which antibodies attack the basement membrane in lungs and kidneys, leading to bleeding from the lungs and kidney failure. It is thought to attack the alpha-3 subunit of type IV collagen, which has therefore been referred to as Goodpasture's antigen. Goodpasture syndrome may quickly result in permanent lung and kidney damage, often leading to death. It is treated with immunosuppressant drugs such as corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide, and with plasmapheresis, in which the antibodies are removed from the blood.

The disease was first described by an American pathologist Ernest Goodpasture of Vanderbilt University, in 1919 and was later named in his honor.

Gordon syndrome

Gordon Syndrome: A genetic musculoskeletal disorder characterized mainly by camptodactyly, cleft palate and club foot. The type and severity of symptoms is variable.

Alternative Names: Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita, Distal, Type IIA, Camptodactyly-Cleft Palate-Clubfoot, Distal Arthrogryposis, Type IIA

Gorham syndrome

Gorham syndrome is a very rare skeletal condition of unknown cause, characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of distended, thin-walled vascular or lymphatic channels within bone, which leads to resorption and replacement of bone with angiomas and/or fibrosis.

Gorlin Bushkell Jensen syndrome

Gorlin-Bushkell-Jensen syndrome: A rare disorder characterized by the development of numerous sebaceous cysts (mainly on the back, chest, arms, thighs and scrotum) as well as kidney stones and white nails.

Gorlin Chaudhry Moss syndrome

Gorlin-Chaudhry-Moss Syndrome: A very rare inherited condition involving various physical and mental abnormalities.

Gracile bone dysplasia

Gracile bone dysplasia: An inherited disorder characterized by brittle bones and thin, slender long bones and ribs as well as other abnormalities.

Graft Versus Host Disease

Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is a medical complication following the receipt of transplanted tissue from a genetically different person. GvHD is commonly associated with stem cell or bone marrow transplant but the term also applies to other forms of tissue graft. Immune cells (white blood cells) in the donated tissue (the graft) recognize the recipient (the host) as "foreign." The transplanted immune cells then attack the host's body cells. GvHD can also occur after a blood transfusion if the blood products used have not been irradiated or treated with an approved pathogen reduction system.

Graft-Versus-Host Disease

Graft-Versus-Host Disease (GVHD) is a complication of allogeneic stem cell transplantation where the donor’s immune cells (the graft) attack the recipient’s body (the host) because they recognize the host’s cells as foreign. It can be categorized as acute, appearing within months and affecting the skin, liver, and gut, or chronic, developing later and causing long-term damage to various organs like the eyes, skin, and lungs. While treatments like immunosuppressive medication and close monitoring are used to prevent or manage GVHD, it remains a serious risk for recipients of stem cell transplants.

Graham Boyle Troxell syndrome

Graham boyle troxell syndrome (medical condition): A very rare condition characterized mainly by benign cysts in the lungs and kidneys.

Grand Kaine Fulling syndrome

Grand-Kaine-Fulling syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized by disease of the retinal blood vessels and degeneration of the central nervous system.

Grant syndrome

Grant syndrome: A rare genetic condition characterized by short stature, skeletal abnormalities and blue sclerae.

Granulocytopenia

Granulocytopenia: Reduced number of granulocytes in the blood. Granulocytes are a type of white blood cell (neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils). White blood cells help protect the body from invading pathogen and hence act as the body's defense to infection.

Granuloma annulare

Granuloma annulare: A harmless skin disease characterized by raised, bumpy, ring-shaped skin lesions.

Granulomas- congenital cerebral

Granulomas, congenital cerebral: A rare birth condition characterized by granulomas in the brain. Cerebral granulomas are small inflamed areas of the brain. Death occurs with a day or so of birth.

Granulomatous hypophysitis

Granulomatous hypophysitis: A rare disorder caused by the inflammation of the pituitary gland. It can occur as a result of other infections such as tuberculosis and sarcoidosis.

Granulomatous rosacea

Granulomatous rosacea: A rare variant of rosacea characterized by facial redness and the development of pustules and bumps on the skin of the face.

Granulosa cell tumor of the ovary

Granulosa cell tumor of the ovary: A rare type of ovarian tumor which can cause excess estrogen hormone production. The tumor is a low grade malignant tumor.

Graphite Pneumoconiosis

Graphite Pneumoconiosis: Lung damage caused by excessive inhalation of graphite. Cases are rare and severity can vary depending on the level of exposure.

Graves’ disease

Graves Disease: A form of hyperthyroidism where the thyroid gland produces too much thyroxine which results in various symptoms such as goiter, protruding eyes and skin disorders.

Gray platelet syndrome

Gray platelet syndrome: A rare inherited disease characterized by deficiency of alpha granule inside blood platelets which inhibits it's clotting ability.

Great vessels transposition

Transposition of the great vessels is a congenital heart defect in which the 2 major vessels that carry blood away from the heart -- the aorta and the pulmonary artery -- are switched (transposed).

Green Sandford Davison syndrome

Green Sandford Davison syndrome (medical condition): A rare genetic disorder characterized by kidney, anal and genital abnormalities.

Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome

Greig Cephalopolysyndactyly Syndrome: A rare genetic disorder characterized by premature closing of skull bones and craniofacial abnormalities, finger and toe abnormalities.

Griscelli syndrome type 1

Griscelli syndrome type II: A rare genetic condition characterized by a partial lack of pigmentation in the eye, skin and hair, clumps of pigmentation in hair shafts, immunodeficiency and neurological symptoms.

Griscelli syndrome type 2

Griscelli syndrome is an inherited condition characterized by unusually light (Hypopigmented) skin and light silvery-gray hair starting in infancy. Researchers have identified three types of this disorder, which are distinguished by their genetic cause and pattern of signs and symptoms. Griscelli syndrome is a rare condition; its prevalence is unknown. Type 2 appears to be the most common of the three known types.

People with Griscelli syndrome type 2 (also known as "Partial albinism with immunodeficiency") have immune system abnormalities in addition to having hypopigmented skin and hair. Affected individuals are prone to recurrent infections. They also develop an immune condition called hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), in which the immune system produces too many activated immune cells called T-lymphocytes and macrophages (histiocytes). Overactivity of these cells can damage organs and tissues throughout the body, causing life-threatening complications if the condition is untreated. People with Griscelli syndrome type 2 do not have the neurological abnormalities of type 1.

Griscelli syndrome type 3

Griscelli syndrome type III: A rare genetic condition characterized by a partial lack of pigmentation in the eye, skin and hair, clumps of pigmentation in hair shafts and immunodeficiency.

Grix Blankenship Peterson syndrome

Grix-Blankenship-Peterson syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by mental retardation, bone defects and head and face abnormalities