Diseases

Opisthorchiasis

Infection with a type of fluke (Southeast Asian liver fluke or cat liver fluke). Infection usually occurs by consuming infected undercooked fish. Acute infection may cause fever, joint pain, rash, eosinophilia and lymphadenopathy where as chronic infections may cause enlarged liver, malnutrition. Mild cases can cause constipation, diarrhea and abdominal pain. Occasionally, the infection may be asymptomatic and in the other extreme, severe cases may result in complications such as cholangiocarcinoma.

Opitz syndrome

Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome is a developmental disorder that affects many parts of the body. This condition is characterized by distinctive facial features, small head size (microcephaly), intellectual disability or learning problems, and behavioral problems. Many affected children have the characteristic features of autism, a developmental condition that affects communication and social interaction. Malformations of the heart, lungs, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, and genitalia are also common. Infants with Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome have weak muscle tone (hypotonia), experience feeding difficulties, and tend to grow more slowly than other infants. Most affected individuals have fused second and third toes (syndactyly), and some have extra fingers or toes (polydactyly).

Oppositional defiant disorder

Oppositional defiant disorder is a psychiatric category listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders where it is described as an ongoing pattern of disobedient, hostile, and defiant behavior toward authority figures which goes beyond the bounds of normal childhood behavior.

Opsismodysplasia

A rare disorder where abnormal bone development results in skeletal abnormalities such as short stature, short limbs and facial abnormalities.

Opsoclonus Myoclonus Syndrome

Dancing eyes-dancing feet syndrome, is a rare neurological disorder of unknown causes which appears to be the result of an autoimmune process involving the nervous system. It is an extremely rare condition, affecting as few as 1 in 10,000,000 people per year. It affects 2 to 3% of children with neuroblastoma and has been reported to occur with celiac disease.

Optic atrophy 1

Optic atrophy type 1 (OPA1, or Kjer type optic atrophy) is characterized by bilateral and symmetric optic nerve pallor associated with insidious decrease in visual acuity usually between ages four and six years, visual field defects, and color vision defects. Visual impairment is usually moderate (6/10 to 2/10), but ranges from mild or even insignificant to severe (legal blindness with acuity

Optic atrophy 1 and deafness

A form of progressive optic nerve dysfunction which results in impaired vision. Deafness is also present and vision loss is usually mild. Some patients develop neurological symptoms later in life. The disorder is caused by a genetic defect (3q28-q29)

Optic atrophy 2

An early onset form of progressive optic nerve dysfunction which results in impaired vision. Neurological symptoms are usually present and vision loss progresses very slowly. The disorder is caused by a genetic defect (Xp11.4-p11.21).

Optic atrophy 5

An early onset form of progressive optic nerve dysfunction which results in impaired vision. Vision loss was usually moderate. The eye disorder is caused by a genetic defect (22q12.1-q13.1).

Optic atrophy 6

An early onset form of progressive optic nerve dysfunction which results in impaired vision. Vision loss progresses very slowly. The eye disorder is caused by a genetic defect (8q21-q22)

Optic nerve disorder

Any condition which impairs the function of the optic nerve. Examples of such conditions includes glaucoma , optic nerve inflammation and impaired blood supply to the optic nerve.

Optic pathway glioma

A type of tumor that arises in the optic nerve which sends messages from the eye to the brain. These tumors tend to occur mainly in children under the age of 10. The tumor may affect the hormone center of the brain and hence can affect such things as growth and weight.

Opticoacoustic nerve atrophy dementia

A rare genetic disorder characterized by degeneration of the optic nerve (causing impaired vision), deafness due to nerve damage and dementia due to calcification of the central nervous system.

Oral cancer

Oral cancer is any cancerous tissue growth located in the mouth. It may arise as a primary lesion originating in any of the oral tissues, by metastasis from a distant site of origin, or by extension from a neighboring anatomic structure, such as the nasal cavity or the maxillary sinus. Oral cancers may originate in any of the tissues of the mouth, and may be of varied histologic types: teratoma, adenocarcinoma derived from a major or minor salivary gland, lymphoma from tonsillar or other lymphoid tissue, or melanoma from the pigment producing cells of the oral mucosa.

Oral facial digital syndrome

A rare genetic disorder characterized by oral frenula, oral clefts, underdeveloped nose flaps and finger abnormalities.

Oral facial dyskinesia

The toxic neurological side effects of neuroleptic drugs that have been used long term

Oral leukoplakia

A mouth characterized by white spots or patches in the mucous membranes on the tongue and inside the mouth.

Oral lichen planus

Oral lichen planus is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory condition affecting the lining of your mouth, usually resulting in characteristic lacy white patches. Oral lichen planus occurs most often on the inside of your cheeks but also can affect your gums, tongue, lips and other parts of your mouth. Oral lichen planus sometimes involves your throat or esophagus. While oral lichen planus usually begins during midlife, it can occur at any age. An initial episode of oral lichen planus may last for weeks or months. But unfortunately, oral lichen planus is usually a chronic condition and can last for many years. Although there's no cure, oral lichen planus can be managed with medications and home remedies.