Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) (caused by Chlamydia trachomatis)

Overview

Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) is a sexually transmitted bacterial infection.

Symptoms

Symptoms of LGV can begin a few days to a month after coming in contact with the bacteria. Symptoms include: * Small painless ulcer on the male genitalia or in the female genital tract * Swelling and redness of the skin in the groin area * Swollen groin lymph nodes on one or both sides; it may also affect lymph nodes around the rectum in those who have anal intercourse * Drainage from lymph nodes in groin * Blood or pus from the rectum (blood in the stools) * Painful bowel movements (tenesmus)

Causes

Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) is caused by three different types of the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis. The bacteria is spread through sexual contact. However, this infection is caused by a different bacteria than that which causes genital chlamydia. LGV is more common in Central and South America than in North America. There are a few thousand cases of LGV each year in the United States. LGV is more common in men than women. The main risk factor is having multiple sexual partners.

Prevention

Abstaining from sexual activity is the only absolute way to prevent a sexually transmitted disease. Safer sex behaviors may reduce the risk. The proper use of condoms, either the male or female type, greatly decreases the risk of catching a sexually transmitted disease. You need to wear the condom from the beginning to the end of each sexual activity.

Diagnosis

Tests may include: * Biopsy of the lymph node * Blood test for the bacteria that causes LGV * Laboratory test to detect chlamydia

Prognosis

With treatment, the outlook is good

Treatment

This condition can be cured with the proper antibiotics. Those commonly prescribed to treat LGV include tetracycline, doxycycline, and erythromycin.