SAN FRANCISCO, California — Including transarterial radioembolization with Yttrium-90 (Y90-TARE) as a neoadjuvant treatment for locally advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) may improve survival outcomes and resection rates compared with chemotherapy alone, according to the results of a recent retrospective analysis presented at the 2024 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium.
The researchers, led by Esteban Garita, MD, from Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, Massachusetts, identified 56 patients with biopsy-proven intrahepatic CCA who underwent neoadjuvant treatment with chemotherapy alone (n=23), Y90-TARE plus chemotherapy (n=15; defined as ≤4 cycles of chemotherapy before or <8 weeks after Y90-TARE), or Y90-TARE alone (n=18) between October 2015 and December 2022.
At diagnosis, the median age was 69 years. A total of 54% of the study population was male. Neither sex nor age at diagnosis appeared to significantly differ between the 3 arms.
The resection rates were 4%, 50%, and 64% with chemotherapy, Y90-TARE plus chemotherapy, and Y90-TARE, respectively (chemotherapy vs Y90-TARE plus chemotherapy, P <.03; chemotherapy vs Y90-TARE, P =.01).
Overall, the median duration of overall survival was 16.3 months, and the median duration of progression-free survival was 7.4 months.
The median durations of overall (chemotherapy vs Y90-TARE plus chemotherapy, P <.03; chemotherapy vs Y90-TARE, P <.01) and progression-free (chemotherapy vs Y90-TARE, P <.01; Y90-TARE plus chemotherapy vs Y90-TARE, P <.02) survival were 12.4 and 3.5 months with chemotherapy, 24.3 and 6.2 months with Y90-TARE plus chemotherapy, and 24.3 and 10.5 months with Y90-TARE, respectively.
“Further analysis will include running the Cox multivariate regression model to control for factors that may affect treatment selection in this population,” the researchers concluded.
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