A rare inherited muscle condition where muscles are difficult to relax following contraction. The main muscles affected are in the face, neck, arms and hands. Repetition of movements makes the muscle stiffness become progressively worse. The condition is not progressive and exposure to cold can trigger symptoms.
Cancer that develops in the paranasal sinus which are spaces behind the cheeks and nose
Disorders of the cerebellum associated with tumors. The cerebellum is the part of the brain that controls coordination. It is believed that the body's immune system's attempt to destroy the tumor results in damage to the cerebellum. The main tumors associated with this condition include lung and breast cancer, Hodgkin's lymphoma and reproductive organ tumors
A term used to describe the distant neurological effects of cancer. It results from an autoimmune attack against antigens present in cancer and the nervous system. Peripheral nerves, central nervous system and muscle controlling nerves may be affected. Often the effects become obvious before the cancer is detected. Types of PNS include Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome, subacute cerebellar ataxia, opsoclonus-myoclonus, retinopathies, limbic encephalitis, chronic gastrointestinal pseudoobstruction, sensory neuronopathy, encephalomyelitis, dermatomyositis, Stiff-Person syndrome and melanoma-associated retinopathy.
A rare birth disorder involving a defect in the abdominal wall through which some of the abdominal contents may protrude. The defect occurs near the umbilical cord
Paraplegia is an impairment in motor and/or sensory function of the lower extremities. It is usually the result of spinal cord injury or a congenital condition such as spina bifida which affects the neural elements of the spinal canal. The area of the spinal canal which is affected in paraplegia is either the thoracic, lumbar, or sacral regions. If the arms are also affected by paralysis, quadriplegia is the proper terminology.
Psoriasis is a common skin condition that causes skin redness and irritation. Most people with psoriasis have thick, red skin with flaky, silver-white patches called scales.
Paraquat (dipyridylium) is a highly toxic weed killer once promoted by the United States for use in Mexico to destroy marijuana plants. Research found that this herbicide was dangerous to workers who applied it to the plants. This article discusses the health problems that can occur from swallowing or breathing in Paraquat.
A rare disorder characterized by severe dwarfism, kyphoscoliosis, contractures of the large joints and twisted and bowed limb bones.
Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare malignancy of the parathyroid glands. These tumors usually secrete parathyroid hormone, thereby producing hyperparathyroidism, which is usually severe. Parathyroid carcinoma may be suspected, but it usually cannot be confirmed prior to operation.
A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by a cleft palate, recessed jaw, alopecia and a mottled skin appearance called poikiloderma.
Progressive deterioration of the superficial layer of the cerebellum in the brain resulting in various neurological symptoms. The condition may be inherited or be associated with conditions such as cancer and alcoholism.
A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by bleeding problems, mental retardation, heart malformations and facial abnormalities
A rare disorder involving blood vessel malformations and overgrowth of a particular limb. Usually a leg is involved and the dilated blood vessels allows blood to flow quickly through the limb which can ultimately cause heart failure.
A genetic form of Parkinson disease which involves progressive degeneration of the central nervous system.
A genetic form of Parkinson disease (a progressive degeneration of the central nervous system) that progresses rapidly once it starts. Dementia, spasticity and eye movement problems are also characteristic of this form of Parkinson disease
A rare form of Parkinson disease that tends to occur by the age of 40 and is inherited in a recessive manner. Symptoms tend to be more severe during the day rather than the night
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive disorder of the central nervous system resulting in a lack of dopamine in the brain, among other changes. Dopamine, a chemical produced by cells in the brain, is necessary for smooth, controlled movement of muscles.
source: Parkinson's Institute
An early onset form of Parkinson's disease as well as mental retardation
Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria (PCH) is a rare blood disorder in which the body's immune system produced antibodies that destroy red blood cells when they go from cold to warm temperatures.
A rare inherited neurological disorder involving short, recurring attacks of involuntary movement. The attacks usually only last for 5 to 10 seconds.
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (or paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH), previously Marchiafava–Micheli syndrome), is a rare, acquired, life-threatening disease of the blood characterized by destruction of red blood cells by the complement system, a part of the body's intrinsic immune system. This destructive process is a result of a defect in the formation of surface proteins on the red blood cell, which normally function to inhibit such immune reactions. Since the complement cascade attacks the red blood cells throughout the circulatory system, the hemolysis is considered an intravascular hemolytic anemia. Other key features of the disease, notably the high incidence of thrombosis, are not totally understood.
A rare inherited condition characterized by episodes of chorea (involuntary movements) which may be triggered by such things as hunger, tiredness, stress, coffee, alcohol and tobacco. Episodes may last for minutes or hours.
A rare condition where the heart has an abnormal rhythm for no detectable reason. The condition can lead to fainting attacks and even sudden death in an otherwise healthy individual.
Uveitis is swelling and irritation of the uvea, the middle layer of the eye. The uvea provides most of the blood supply to the retina.
Inflammation of the nerves that carry signals from the spine to the shoulder, arm and hands.
A rare birth defect where part of the corpus callosum is absent. The corpus callosum is the area that connects the two main halves of the brain (cerebral hemispheres). Severity of symptoms is determined by how much of the structure is missing. Mild cases tend to involve headaches, seizures and speech problems which don't appear for years.
Partial androgen insensitivity syndrome (PAIS) is a disorder of sex development that affects the growing reproductive and genital organs of a fetus. Androgen insensitivity refers to the inability of the body of an individual with a 46, XY karyotype (usually leading to normal male development) to properly respond to male sex hormones (androgens). In PAIS, the body partially responds to these hormones.
The extent of androgen insensitivity in 46 XY individuals is quite variable, even in a single family. Partial androgen insensitivity typically results in "ambiguous genitalia." The clitoris is large or, alternatively, the penis is small and hypospadic (these are two ways of labeling the same anatomical structure). Partial androgen insensitivity may be quite common, and has been suggested as the cause of infertility in many men whose genitals are of typically male appearance.
PAIS is one of three types of androgen insensitivity syndrome, which is divided into three categories that are differentiated by the degree of genital masculinization: complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS) is indicated when the external genitalia is that of a normal female, mild androgen insensitivity syndrome (MAIS) is indicated when the external genitalia is that of a normal male, and partial androgen insensitivity syndrome (PAIS) is indicated when the external genitalia is partially, but not fully masculinized.
A type of congenital heart defect involving and abnormal opening between the heart chambers and defective valves that control blood flow in the heart. The partial form of the condition involves only the two upper heart chambers. Symptoms are determined by the severity of the defect. Often symptoms do not become apparent until later in life.
A very rare genetic disorder where a portion of chromosome Y is missing resulting in various abnormalities. Symptoms vary from case to case.