Cystic adenomatoid malformation of lung
Overview
Cystic adenomatoid malformation of lung: A rare birth condition where the lungs fail to develop normally during the fetal stage and cysts form in parts of the lung instead of normal alveolar tissue.
Symptoms
* Lung compression * Underdeveloped parts of the lung * Premature birth * Hydrops fetalis * Polyhydramnios
Causes
ARF may develop in patients with COPD as a result of any condition that increases the work of breathing and decreases the respiratory drive. Such conditions include respiratory tract infection (such as bronchitis or pneumonia). The most common precipitating factor is bronchospasm, or accumulating secretions secondary to cough suppression. Other causes of ARF in COPD include: ? central nervous system (CNS) depression — head trauma or injudicious use of sedatives, opioids, tranquilizers, or oxygen (O2) ? cardiovascular disorders — myocardial infarction, heart failure, or pulmonary emboli ? airway irritants — smoke or fumes ? endocrine and metabolic disorders — myxedema or metabolic alkalosis ? thoracic abnormalities — chest trauma, pneumothorax, or thoracic or abdominal surgery. The incidence of ARF increases markedly with age and is especially high among people age 65 and older