Cone rod dystrophy
Overview
Cone rod dystrophy: A rare inherited eye disorder characterized by the deterioration of the cone and rod cells in the retina of the eye leading to vision loss
Symptoms
The list of signs and symptoms mentioned in various sources for Cone rod dystrophy includes the 5 symptoms listed below: * Progressive constriction of peripheral visual field * Retinal photoreceptor dystrophy * Dystrophy of eye pigment epithelium * Abiotrophic degeneration of rods * Abiotrophic degeneration of cones
Causes
Vocal cord nodules and polyps usually result from voice abuse, especially in the presence of infection. Consequently, they’re most common in teachers, singers, and sports fans, and in energetic children (ages 8 to 12) who continually shout while playing. Polyps are common in adults who smoke, live in dry climates, or have allergies. Pediatric tip In children, papillomas of the larynx (benign warty growths) are the most common laryngeal neoplasm. Suspected causes include human papillomavirus types 6, 11, and 16. The virus may be acquired during birth because many mothers have a history of condylomata acuminata at the time of delivery.
Diagnosis
The phrase "signs of Cone rod dystrophy" should, strictly speaking, refer only to those signs and symptoms of Cone rod dystrophy that are not readily apparent to the patient. The word "symptoms of Cone rod dystrophy" is the more general meaning; see symptoms of Cone rod dystrophy. The signs and symptom information on this page attempts to provide a list of some possible signs and symptoms of Cone rod dystrophy. This medical information about signs and symptoms for Cone rod dystrophy has been gathered from various sources, may not be fully accurate, and may not be the full list of Cone rod dystrophy signs or Cone rod dystrophy symptoms. Furthermore, signs and symptoms of Cone rod dystrophy may vary on an individual basis for each patient. Only your doctor can provide adequate diagnosis of any signs or symptoms and whether they are indeed Cone rod dystrophy symptoms.
Treatment
Conservative management of small vocal cord nodules and polyps includes humidification, speech therapy (voice rest, training to reduce the intensity and duration of voice production), and treatment for any underlying allergies. When conservative treatment fails to relieve hoarseness, nodules or polyps require removal under direct laryngoscopy. Microlaryngoscopy may be done for small lesions, to avoid injuring the vocal cord surface. If nodules or polyps are bilateral, excision may be performed in two stages: one cord is allowed to heal before excision of polyps on the other cord. Two-stage excision prevents laryngeal web, which occurs when epithelial tissue is removed from adjacent cord surfaces, and these surfaces grow together. For children, treatment consists of speech therapy. If possible, surgery should be delayed until the child is old enough to benefit from voice training, or until he can understand the need to abstain from voice abuse.