Generalized arterial calcification of infancy-1 (GACI1)

Overview

Generalized arterial calcification of infancy-1 (GACI1) is a very rare condition which was first described in 1901. The features associated with ACI typically include heart failure, high blood pressure (hypertension), and failure to thrive. These features vary, with each infant being differently affected by the severity of their symptoms.

Symptoms

The list of signs and symptoms mentioned in various sources for generalized arterial calcification of infancy-1 (GACI1) includes the symptoms listed below:

• Arterial calcification
• Hydrops
• Abnormal heart contractility
• Hyperechoic kidneys

Diagnosis

Since antenatal diagnosis is possible, idiopathic arterial calcification of infancy should be suspected when there is hyperechogenicity of vessel walls, evidence of polyhydramnios or a past history of early neonatal deaths. This case was rare in its association with a karyotypic abnormality of 47 chromosomes.