Diseases

Piriformis syndrome

Piriformis syndrome is a neuromuscular disorder that occurs when the sciatic nerve is compressed or otherwise irritated by the piriformis muscle causing pain, tingling and numbness in the buttocks and along the sciatic nerve. There is no definitive way to diagnose the syndrome which may result from anatomical variations in the muscle-nerve relationship, or from overuse or strain. Uncontrolled studies have suggested theories about the disorder. However, a large scale formal prospective outcome trial using Class A study design as outlined by the American College of Physicians, found the weight of the evidence-based medicine is that piriformis syndrome should be considered as a possible diagnosis when sciatica occurs without a clear spinal cause

Pitt Rogers Danks syndrome

Pitt-Rogers-Danks syndrome: A rare genetic condition characterized by reduced fetal growth, mental retardation and distinctive facial features

Pitt-Hopkins syndrome (18q21 deletion syndrome)

Pitt-Hopkins syndrome is a condition characterized by intellectual disability and developmental delay which range from moderate to severe, breathing problems, recurrent seizures (epilepsy), and distinctive facial features.

Pituitary dwarfism 1

Dwarfism (pronounced dwo[ʀ]fiz'm IPA: /ˈdwɔːˌfɪzɪm/) is a medical term describing a person of short stature, with the most widely accepted definition of a dwarf being a person with an adult height of less than 4 feet 10 inches (147cm). Dwarfism can be caused by over 200 separate medical conditions, and as such the symptoms of individual dwarfs can vary greatly. People who are affected by dwarfism are often referred to as "little people."

Pituitary tumors- adult

Pituitary tumors form in the pituitary gland (a pea-sized organ in the center of the brain above the back of the nose). The pituitary gland makes hormones that affect other glands and many body functions, especially growth. Most pituitary tumors are benign (not cancer).

Pityriasis lichenoides chronica

Pityriasis lichenoides chronica (also known as "Chronic guttate parapsoriasis," "Chronic pityriasis lichenoides," "Dermatitis psoriasiformis nodularis," "Parapsoriasis chronica," and "Parapsoriasis lichenoides chronica") is an uncommon, idiopathic, acquired dermatosis, characterized by evolving groups of erythematous, scaly papules that may persist for months

Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta

Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta (also known as "Acute guttate parapsoriasis," "Acute parapsoriasis," "Acute pityriasis lichenoides," "Mucha-Habermann disease," "Parapsoriasis acuta," "Parapsoriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta," and "Parapsoriasis varioliformis"[1]:456 ) is a disease of the immune system. It is the more severe version of Pityriasis lichenoides chronica. The disease is characterized by rashes and small lesions on the skin. The disease is most common in males and usually occurs in childhood, although it has been seen in every age group and every race. It is possible for the disease to go into remission for short periods of time or forever

Pityriasis rubra pilaris

Pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP) is the name given to a group of rare skin disorders that present with reddish-orange coloured scaling patches with well defined borders. They may cover the entire body or just parts of the body such as the elbows and knees, palms and soles. Often there are areas of uninvolved skin, particularly on the trunk and limbs, which are referred to as islands of sparing. The palms and soles are usually involved and become diffusely thickened and yellowish (palmoplantar keratoderma). PRP is often initially mistaken for another skin condition, usually psoriasis.

Piussan Lenaerts Mathieu syndrome

Stiff thumb, brachydactyly (A1), mental retardation: Another name for Piussan-Lenaert-Mathieu syndrome (or close medical condition association) Stiff thumb, brachydactyly (A1), mental retardation (medical condition): A rare disorder characterized by mental retardation, a stiff thumb and shortness or absence of middle bones of fingers and toes (brachydactyly type A1).

Placenta disorder

Placenta disorder (medical condition): Any condition affecting the placenta. The placenta is an organ that connects the fetus to the mother's uterus and provides the baby with nourishment and removes waste.

Placenta neoplasm

Placenta neoplasm: Another name for Placental-site gestational trophoblastic tumor (or close medical condition association) Placental-site gestational trophoblastic tumor: A rare condition where cancer develops in the uterine muscle and in the site that the placenta was attached. The tumor forms after ectopic pregnancies, abortions or even following a normal delivery.

Plagiocephaly

Plagiocephaly is a variant of cephalic disorder which is described in clinical terminologies as a physical condition in which the skull of the victim is distorted asymmetrically. In this ailment, one side of the victim’s skull is flattened. It is seen at birth quite often and can stem from a restraining intrauterine environment. The shape of victim’s head becomes asymmetrical due to the pressure it gets in the womb. When seen from above it appears like a diamond. Some of the patients of this ailment also get one side of their chest flattened. Even though the average human skull can not be perfectly smooth in many cases, the patients of plagiocephaly have a big area of their brain flattened

Plasma cell leukemia

Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is rare cancer involving a subtype of white blood cells called plasma cells. Plasma cell leukemia is one of the most aggressive human neoplasms; fortunately it constitutes 2% to 4% of all cases of plasma cell disorders. The WHO criterion for diagnosis of PCL is that plasma cells constitute more than 20% of cells in the peripheral blood with an absolute plasma cell count of more than 2 × 109/L. The presentation may be primary, de novo, or secondary, evolving from an existing case of multiple myeloma as part of the terminal phase of the disease. Approximately 60 to 70% of cases are primary

Plasma thromboplastin antecedent deficiency

Plasma thromboplastin antecedent deficiency: Another name for Factor XI deficiency, congenital (or close medical condition association) Factor XI deficiency, congenital: A rare inherited bleeding disorder characterized by a deficiency of a blood protein called Factor XI which is needed for the blood clotting process. The condition is generally quite mild but the severity of the condition is variable.

Plasmacytoma anaplastic

Plasmacytoma anaplastic: Myeloma cells tend to collect in the bone marrow and in the hard, outer part of bones. Sometimes they collect in only one ... more about Plasmacytoma anaplastic. Plasmacytoma anaplastic: The malignant proliferation of plasma cells. The tumor can develop in bone and soft tissue and thus results in a range of symptoms depending on the exact location.

Plasmalogens synthesis deficiency isolated

Plasmalogens synthesis deficiency isolated: A rare genetic disorder involving abnormal development of bones due to a particular enzyme deficiency (peroxisomal dihydroxyacetonephosphate acyl transferase)

Platyspondylic lethal chondrodysplasia

Platyspondylic lethal chondrodysplasia: A rare genetic disorder involving abnormal bone development and flattened vertebral bones. The condition generally results in death before or soon after birth.

Platyspondyly amelogenesis imperfecta

Platyspondyly amelogenesis imperfecta: Another name for Verloes Bourguignon syndrome (or close medical condition association). Verloes Bourguignon syndrome: A condition which is characterised by skeletal dysplasia with amelogenesis imperfecta and platyspondyly.

Pleomorphic malignant fibrous histiocytoma

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) was first described in 1964 under the name malignant fibrous xanthoma. Since that time several major variants have been identified and it has become the most commonly diagnosed of all the sarcomas of adults. Oral and maxillofacial sites are seldom involved, however, and the tumor occurs primarily in the soft tissues of the extremities and retroperitoneum

Pleuropulmonary blastoma

Pleuropulmonary blastoma is a rare form of cancer first reported in 1988. It is commonly found in children. Symptoms may include coughing, an upper respiratory tract infection, shortness of breath, and chest pain.

Plexosarcoma

Plexosarcoma: A rare type of tumor that occurs in the gastrointestinal tract and retroperitoneum.

Plum syndrome

Plum syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by eye, brain and bone abnormalities

Plummer-Vinson syndrome

Plummer-Vinson syndrome (PVS), also called Paterson-Brown-Kelly syndrome or sideropenic dysphagia is a disorder linked to severe, long-term iron deficiency anemia, which causes swallowing difficulty (dysphagia) due to web-like membranes of tissue growing in the throat (esophageal webs)

Pneumocystic carinii pneumonia

Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a form of pneumonia caused by the yeast-like fungus, Pneumocystis jirovecii. This species of fungus is specific to humans. It has not been shown to infect other animals while other species of Pneumocystis that parasitize other animals (all of which are mammals) have not been shown to infect humans.[1] The causal agent was originally described as a protozoan and spelled P. jiroveci and prior to then was classified as a form of Pneumocystis carinii, a name still in common usage.[2][3] These names are discussed below. As a result, Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) has also been known as Pneumocystis jiroveci[i] pneumonia and as Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, as is also explained below.[4][5][6] Confusion caused by the misapplication of the name P. carinii to all species of Pneumocystis may incorrectly suggest that the human pathogen could reside in other animals, including domesticated animals

Pneumocystosis

Pneumocystosis: Infection of the lung by a fungal organism called pneumocystis Carinii. The organism is found readily in most environments but generally does not affect healthy individuals. It occurs almost exclusively in immunocompromised people such as AIDS sufferers or those undergoing chemotherapy.

Pneumonia- eosinophilic

Eosinophilic pneumonia (also called pulmonary infiltrates with eosinophilia syndrome) comprises a group of lung diseases in which eosinophils (a type of white blood cell) appear in increased numbers in the lungs and usually in the bloodstream