Chorioretinitis

Overview

Inflammation of the choroids and retina of the eye. It can be caused by various pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungus or protozoa. Other noninfectious diseases such as sarcoidosis can cause abnormal deposits in the eye which can also result in inflammation.

Symptoms

If you experience any of these symptoms, do not assume it is due to chorioretinitis. These symptoms may be caused by other health conditions as well. If you experience any one of them, see your eye doctor immediately. * Pain or redness in the eye * Blurred vision, or seeing “floaters” * Sensitivity to light * Excessive tearing

Causes

Chorioretinitis may be caused by infection or by autoimmune diseases, including HIV/AIDS , syphilis , sarcoidosis , and tuberculosis . It is sometimes caused by an infection that you experienced when you were young; symptoms of chorioretinitis may not appear for 10 to 20 years.

Prevention

Because chorioretinitis is often caused by infections or systemic illnesses, take the following steps to help reduce your chance of getting the condition: * See your doctor for an eye exam if you have any eye pain or vision problems or any other problems with your eyes. * If you have any autoimmune diseases, follow your doctor’s recommendations closely regarding treatment of the illness and regular comprehensive eye examinations.

Diagnosis

Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history, including illnesses and injuries, and perform a physical exam. To prepare for a comprehensive eye exam, your doctor may put drops in your eyes to numb them and to dilate the pupils. The slit lamp, a special microscope to examine the eye, will focus a high powered beam of light into your eye to examine the cornea and other structures in your eye.

Treatment

Medications recommended will vary depending on the cause of the chorioretinitis. Steroid (anti-inflammatory) eye drops are the most common treatment. Your doctor may also prescribe oral medications or possibly inject steroids around the eye. If the chorioretinitis is related to an active infection, then antibiotic medications may be used as well. Your doctor may also prescribe dilating drops, which help prevent the iris from sticking to the lens underneath and reduce discomfort. However, these drops will increase glare and light sensitivity.